Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis01:14

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives01:35

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate monocarboxylic acids with the liberation of carbon dioxide.
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by water loss...
Conjugate Addition of Enolates: Michael Addition01:08

Conjugate Addition of Enolates: Michael Addition

The attack of a nucleophile at the β carbon of an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound is called conjugate addition. Conjugate addition reactions of active methylene compounds, such as β-diketones, β-keto esters, β-keto nitriles, and α-nitro ketones, are called Michael addition reactions.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction: ELF1-mediated transactivation of METTL3/YTHDF2 promotes nucleus pulposus cell senescence via m6A-dependent destabilization of E2F3 mRNA in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Cell death discovery·2026
Same author

Pallidus internus versus subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for Meige syndrome: a randomized, controlled, double-blind multicenter trial.

Journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same author

ETS transcription factor 1-insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2-interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 pathway promotes ferroptosis-driven osteoblast senescence in diabetic osteoporosis.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

Inhibition of Fibroblast Activation Protein-α Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Reduced Vascular Invasion in Cartilage Endplate.

Cell proliferation·2026
Same author

Impact of semen quality and maternal age on blastocyst chromosomal abnormalities: a retrospective cohort study based on 1091 PGT-A cycles.

Asian journal of andrology·2026
Same author

Excessive cholesterol accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration by promoting the polarization of M1 macrophages.

Lipids in health and disease·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
08:12

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species

Published on: August 16, 2018

2-[1-(1-Phenyl-eth-yl)imidazolidin-2-yl-idene]malononitrile.

Xiao-Wei Liu1, Liang-Zhong Xu

  • 1College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The crystal structure of C(14)H(14)N(4) reveals a nearly planar imidazolidine ring. This structure is stabilized by classical N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds forming inversion dimers.

More Related Videos

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics
10:35

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics

Published on: April 10, 2026

Facile Preparation of (2Z,4E)-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate
06:46

Facile Preparation of (2Z,4E)-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate

Published on: June 21, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
08:12

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species

Published on: August 16, 2018

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics
10:35

Production and Testing of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Mimics

Published on: April 10, 2026

Facile Preparation of (2Z,4E)-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate
06:46

Facile Preparation of (2Z,4E)-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate

Published on: June 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Molecular Structure

Background:

  • Understanding molecular geometry and intermolecular interactions is crucial in crystal engineering.
  • The imidazolidine moiety is a common structural motif in various organic compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(14)H(14)N(4).
  • To investigate the nature of intermolecular interactions within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and torsion angles provided insights into molecular geometry.

Main Results:

  • The imidazolidine moiety was found to be nearly planar, with a specific N-C-N-C torsion angle of 4.43(3)°.
  • Classical N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds were identified as the primary stabilizing forces.
  • These hydrogen bonds facilitate the formation of inversion dimers in the crystal structure.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal packing of C(14)H(14)N(4) is dominated by directional N-H⋯N hydrogen bonding.
  • The observed planarity of the imidazolidine ring influences the overall crystal architecture.