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Related Concept Videos

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers02:28

Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers

Structure and Bonding
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent groups, ethers can be classified into two...
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides02:38

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain is more in the ring having a smaller number of...
Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether molecules take.
Preparation of Epoxides03:00

Preparation of Epoxides

Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
08:12

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Published on: August 16, 2018

2-Azido-1-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)ethanone.

Sammer Yousuf, Muhammad Arshad, Hafiza Madiha Butt

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 19, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    The crystal structure of C(8)H(6)FN(3)O was determined. Molecules are linked into chains by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, revealing key intermolecular interactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Solid-state chemistry
    • Supramolecular chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding intermolecular forces is crucial for predicting and controlling material properties.
    • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in the self-assembly of molecular structures.
    • Crystal structure analysis provides fundamental insights into molecular packing and interactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the crystal structure of the compound C(8)H(6)FN(3)O.
    • To identify the types and significance of intermolecular interactions stabilizing the crystal lattice.
    • To elucidate the supramolecular architecture of the title compound.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to collect diffraction data.
    • The crystal structure was solved and refined using standard crystallographic software.

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    Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors
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    Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

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  • Analysis of intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bonding, was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(8)H(6)FN(3)O was successfully determined.
    • The molecules are arranged in chains running parallel to the a axis.
    • C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds were identified as the primary stabilizing force, linking molecules into these chains.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal packing of C(8)H(6)FN(3)O is dictated by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonding.
    • This specific hydrogen bonding motif leads to the formation of one-dimensional molecular chains.
    • The findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in related organic compounds.