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Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview01:15

Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview

A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
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Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
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Medication reviews.

Alison Blenkinsopp1, Christine Bond, David K Raynor

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, UK. a.blenkinsopp@bradford.ac.uk

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|May 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Pharmacist-led medication reviews in the UK National Health Service (NHS) improve prescribing processes and patient adherence. While evidence on hard outcomes like mortality is mixed, reviews are cost-effective and valuable for optimizing medication use.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Health Services Research
  • Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

  • Medication review by pharmacists is increasingly formalized across all care settings.
  • Primary care in the UK National Health Service (NHS) offers various medication review services.
  • Medication review serves as both a diagnostic and educational intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe types of medication reviews in UK primary care.
  • To summarize evidence on the effectiveness of medication reviews.
  • To consider future developments in medication review practices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on medication review effectiveness.
  • Analysis of process and outcome measures, including prescribing, hospitalizations, and mortality.

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  • Examination of health economic studies and cost-effectiveness analyses.

    • Main Results:

    • Medication reviews demonstrate effectiveness in improving prescribing process outcomes (e.g., reduced polypharmacy, better medicine choice).
    • Evidence on 'harder' outcomes like mortality and hospital admissions in elderly patients is mixed, with no consistent reduction observed.
    • Health economic analyses suggest medication reviews are cost-effective, with benefits outweighing costs.

    Conclusions:

    • The value of medication reviews is generally accepted, despite inconsistent robust research evidence for clinical effectiveness.
    • Future improvements can be achieved through targeted reviews, multi-professional collaboration, and deprescribing.
    • Further robust research is needed to consistently demonstrate cost and clinical effectiveness compared to traditional care.