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Fat-soluble vitamins in advanced CKD/ESKD: a review
Rachel M Holden1, Vincent Ki, Alexander Ross Morton
1Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. holdenr@kgh.kari.net
Seminars in Dialysis
|May 22, 2012
Summary
Patients on hemodialysis face nutritional decline and vitamin deficiencies. This study reviews fat-soluble vitamin (A, D, E, K) status in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Dialysis patients often have poor nutritional status due to illness, poor appetite, and diet limitations.
- Vitamin deficiency in chronic kidney disease (CKD) ranges from overt symptoms to subtle impacts on disease progression.
- Suboptimal vitamin intake can influence the prevalence and advancement of chronic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on fat-soluble vitamin status in hemodialysis patients.
- To assess vitamin A, D, E, and K levels in individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on fat-soluble vitamins in CKD patients on hemodialysis.
- Synthesis of data on vitamin A, D, E, and K status.
Main Results:
- Data on vitamin status in hemodialysis patients is variable.
- Specific patterns of deficiency or sufficiency for vitamins A, D, E, and K were observed.
- Further research is needed to clarify optimal vitamin levels and supplementation strategies.
Conclusions:
- Hemodialysis patients are at risk for altered fat-soluble vitamin status.
- Understanding vitamin A, D, E, and K status is crucial for managing CKD.
- Further investigation is warranted to guide clinical practice regarding vitamin management in this population.
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