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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
07:44

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

[Embolisation in spontaneous haemopneumothorax].

Erwin A Gorter1, Emile F L Dubois, Onno R Guicherit

  • 1Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Afd. Heelkunde, Den Haag, the Netherlands.

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|May 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spontaneous haemopneumothorax, a rare and life-threatening condition, requires prompt intervention. This case highlights the success of interventional radiology in stabilizing a patient for minimally invasive surgery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
07:44

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Spontaneous haemopneumothorax is a rare condition defined by pneumothorax with >400ml pleural blood.
  • It is a life-threatening disorder requiring urgent medical attention.

Observation:

  • A 32-year-old male presented with sudden chest pain and dyspnea due to right-sided hydropneumothorax.
  • Initial tube thoracostomy drained 1500ml of fluid; CT revealed no active bleeding.
  • Hemodynamic instability developed, prompting a CT-angiogram that identified intercostal artery extravasation.

Findings:

  • Successful embolization of the bleeding intercostal artery stabilized the patient.
  • The patient became hemodynamically stable, enabling subsequent elective video-assisted thoracic surgery.

Implications:

  • Interventional radiology is crucial for minimally invasive treatment of spontaneous haemopneumothorax.
  • Video-assisted thoracic surgery is preferred over conservative management or thoracotomy once stable.
  • This case underscores the value of interventional radiology in managing complex thoracic emergencies.