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Related Experiment Videos

[Hyperparathyroidism simulating Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease].

P H Bertolucci1, S F Malheiros

  • 1Disciplina de Neurologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brasil.

Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria
|June 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of hyperparathyroidism mimicking Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) highlights the importance of considering treatable causes of dementia. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of electrolyte imbalances led to full recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Dementia can present with varied neurological and behavioral symptoms.
  • Hyperparathyroidism can cause neurological and psychiatric manifestations.

Observation:

  • A 45-year-old woman exhibited rapid cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and apathy.
  • Electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed periodic activity with bilateral triphasic waves, suggestive of CJD.
  • Investigations uncovered hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia, linked to an oxyphilic cell adenoma.

Findings:

  • Surgical removal of the thyroid adenoma and correction of electrolyte imbalances resolved the patient's symptoms.
  • EEG abnormalities normalized following treatment for hyperparathyroidism.

Related Experiment Videos

  • This case presents unique EEG findings associated with hyperparathyroidism-induced confusion.

    • Implications:

    • Hyperparathyroidism should be considered in the differential diagnosis of rapidly progressive dementia, especially when EEG suggests CJD.
    • Early identification and management of metabolic causes of dementia are crucial for patient outcomes.
    • This case expands the known spectrum of neurological presentations of hyperparathyroidism.