Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Masking and Demasking Agents

Masking and Demasking Agents

EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on the metal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Design, Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of Moxifloxacin Hydrazide Metal Complexes: Integrated Spectroscopic, Computational, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Investigations.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

Design, Synthesis, Anti-Inflammatory Activity, DFT Modeling and Docking Study of New Ibuprofen Derivatives.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Same author

Stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry quantification of hydrogen sulfide and thiols in biological matrices.

Redox biology·2022

Same author

Expedient synthesis of eumelanin-inspired 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate ethyl ester derivatives.

RSC advances·2022

Same author

Correction: Expedient synthesis of eumelanin-inspired 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate ethyl ester derivatives.

RSC advances·2022

Same author

Intravenous delivery of GS-441524 is efficacious in the African green monkey model of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Antiviral research·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Published on: October 28, 2025

Melanin-based coatings as lead-binding agents.

Karin Sono¹, Diane Lye, Christine A Moore

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA.

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications

|May 22, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic eumelanin coatings effectively bind heavy metals like lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium. This research explores melanin

More Related Videos

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Published on: March 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Published on: October 28, 2025

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Published on: March 6, 2019

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Materials Science
Environmental Science

Background:

Metal ion interactions with melanin are crucial in biological systems.
Melanin's binding properties offer potential for nonbiological applications, such as water purification.
Investigating metal ion-melanin interactions on solid supports is key to developing new technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a method for studying metal ion-melanin interactions on solid supports.
To quantify lead ion binding to synthetic eumelanin and human hair melanin.
To compare the binding affinities and capacities of synthetic eumelanin for various metal ions (Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+)).

Main Methods:

Coating polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) discs with synthetic eumelanin (from L-dopa polymerization) and human hair melanin.
Quantifying lead (Pb(2+)) binding using atomic absorption spectroscopy (flame mode).
Fitting binding data to the Langmuir adsorption model to determine affinities and capacities.

Main Results:

Langmuir model successfully described metal ion binding to melanin coatings.
Synthetic eumelanin coatings exhibited significant binding affinities for Pb(2+), ranging from 3.4 × 10^3 to 2.2 × 10^4 M⁻¹.
Synthetic eumelanin bound approximately 9% of its mass in lead, with varying affinities and capacities for Cu(2+), Zn(2+), and Cd(2+) relative to Pb(2+).

Conclusions:

The described method provides a robust platform for investigating metal ion-melanin interactions.
Synthetic eumelanin demonstrates potential as an adsorbent material for heavy metal removal in water purification.
Further research can leverage this system for both biological studies and environmental remediation applications.