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Related Experiment Videos

Position-numeral equivalences and delayed position recognition span.

H A Mackay1, C A Ratti

  • 1Behavior Analysis Department, E. K. Shriver Center, Waltham, MA 02254.

American Journal of Mental Retardation : AJMR
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Equivalence class formation significantly improved delayed position recognition span performance in adults with mental retardation. Establishing a verbal code through matching-to-sample training enhanced memory recall for positional information.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Analysis

Background:

  • Delayed position recognition span performance is crucial for cognitive function.
  • Individuals with mental retardation often exhibit challenges in memory tasks, including span performance.
  • Mnemonic strategies can aid span performance, but require prerequisite skills like position naming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of equivalence class formation in enhancing delayed position recognition span performance.
  • To determine if establishing a verbal code through equivalence training can overcome initial performance deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Three adults with mental retardation participated.
  • Matching-to-sample training was used to establish nine equivalence classes, linking positions, numerals, and numeral names.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Delayed position recognition span tests were administered before and after training.

    • Main Results:

    • Subjects initially could not name the nine positions on the span test board.
    • After equivalence training, subjects demonstrated dramatic increases in span scores.
    • The established equivalence classes served as a verbal code, facilitating performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Equivalence class formation is an effective strategy for improving delayed position recognition span performance.
    • This approach can establish a verbal code that generalizes to improve cognitive task performance.
    • Behavioral interventions based on equivalence can support individuals with cognitive impairments.