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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...

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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...

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Updated: May 22, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Geriatric dentistry--meet the need.

Rakhi Issrani¹, Renuka Ammanagi, Vaishali Keluskar

¹Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLEVK Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India. dr.rakhi.issrani00@gmail.com

|May 23, 2012

Summary

Geriatric dentistry, or gerodontics, addresses the oral health needs of older adults, focusing on prevention and treatment of age-related conditions. Education and a humanitarian approach are crucial for improving dental care for the elderly.

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Published on: December 18, 2013

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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers

Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers

Published on: December 18, 2013

Area of Science:

Gerodontology
Geriatric Medicine
Public Health

Background:

Oral health is integral to overall well-being in the elderly.
Older adults are more susceptible to oral health issues due to systemic diseases and functional changes.
Geriatric oral health remains an under-explored and neglected area globally.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the objectives, needs, current status, strategies, and dental treatment requirements for the elderly population.
To highlight the importance of geriatric dentistry in addressing the unique oral health challenges of older adults.
To advocate for the urgent implementation of educational programs in geriatric dentistry.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature and practices in geriatric dentistry.
Analysis of barriers to providing dental care for older adults.
Discussion of essential components for successful geriatric dental practice.

Main Results:

Key barriers include a lack of trained faculty, curriculum constraints, and financial concerns.
A humanitarian approach and understanding of elderly patients' perspectives are vital for effective treatment.
Prevention and early intervention are critical for reducing oral disease risk in this demographic.

Conclusions:

There is a pressing need for specialized education in geriatric dentistry for dental professionals.
Implementing comprehensive geriatric dental services requires a proactive and interdisciplinary approach.
Addressing the educational and practical challenges will enhance the quality of life for older adults through improved oral health.