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Related Concept Videos

Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Punishment01:27

Punishment

Negative reinforcement and punishment are often confused but serve distinct functions in behavior modification. Reinforcement, whether positive or negative, increases the likelihood of a desired behavior, while punishment decreases it.
Punishment can be positive or negative. Positive punishment involves adding an undesirable stimulus, such as scolding, to decrease a behavior. Negative punishment involves removing a desirable stimulus, such as taking away a favorite toy, to decrease behavior.
Behaviorism01:28

Behaviorism

The field of behaviorism was pioneered by figures such as Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner fundamentally shifted the focus of psychology to the observable and controllable aspects of human and animal behavior. This shift marked a critical evolution in the discipline, emphasizing scientific rigor and experimental methodology.
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...
Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction01:24

Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction

Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...

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A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Behavior subtraction.

Pierre-Marc Jodoin1, Venkatesh Saligrama, Janusz Konrad

  • 1Département d’informatique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada. pierre-marc.jodoin@usherbrooke.ca

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
|May 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces behavior subtraction, a novel method for temporal anomaly detection. It focuses on scene dynamics rather than photometry, enabling robust detection of unusual patterns in various environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Video Analytics
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Traditional background subtraction assumes static scene photometry, failing to detect dynamic anomalies.
  • Existing methods struggle with changes in scene dynamics, limiting applications like traffic pattern analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new model and framework for temporal anomaly detection based on scene dynamics.
  • To introduce 'behavior subtraction' for effective and efficient anomaly detection and localization.

Main Methods:

  • Defined 'events' as short-term scene dynamics aggregated from vector object descriptors (e.g., size, speed, direction).
  • Developed a probabilistic characterization of events using low-memory surrogates for practical implementation.
  • Implemented 'behavior subtraction' algorithm for temporal anomaly detection.

Main Results:

  • Behavior subtraction effectively detects and localizes temporal anomalies by focusing on dynamic scene properties.
  • The method is resilient to spurious background motion like camera jitter.
  • It is content-blind, performing equally well on diverse objects and scene complexities.

Conclusions:

  • Shifting focus from scene photometry to scene dynamics offers new possibilities for video analytics.
  • Behavior subtraction provides an efficient and robust approach to temporal anomaly detection.