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Related Experiment Videos

Leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells.

J L Wautier1, H Setiadi, D Vilette

  • 1U. 150 INSERM, URA 334 CNRS, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.

Biorheology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, crucial in inflammation and vascular diseases, involves specific molecules like CD11/CD18. Targeting these interactions offers potential therapeutic strategies for vascular damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Cellular Adhesion

Background:

  • Leukocyte adhesion to endothelium is the initial step in leukocyte emigration.
  • This adhesion is significantly heightened in pathological conditions like inflammation and vascular diseases.
  • Molecular mechanisms underlying leukocyte-endothelial interactions have been extensively studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize leukocyte adhesion molecules (LeuCAM), such as the CD11/CD18 complex.
  • To identify endothelial cell structures involved in leukocyte adhesion, including ICAM and ELAM.
  • To explore the role of leukocyte-endothelial interactions in pathological states and potential therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized monoclonal antibodies to identify and characterize LeuCAMs (CD11/CD18 complex).

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  • Investigated endothelial cell receptors like ICAM and ELAM.
  • Examined the impact of cytokines (e.g., IL-1) on adhesion molecule expression.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified CD11/CD18 heterodimers (LFA-1, Mac1/Mol, GP150-95) as key leukocyte adhesion molecules.
    • Found ICAM expressed constitutively on endothelial cells, while ELAM expression is induced upon activation.
    • Observed increased leukocyte adhesion in conditions like ARDS, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus.

    Conclusions:

    • Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions are complex, involving specific molecular complexes.
    • Dysregulated adhesion contributes to vascular damage in various pathologies.
    • Modulating these interactions presents a promising therapeutic avenue for antithrombotic and antiatherosclerotic treatments.