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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...

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Updated: May 22, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

Acute kidney injury.

Rinaldo Bellomo1, John A Kellum, Claudio Ronco

  • 1Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. rinaldo.bellomo@austin.org.au

Lancet (London, England)
|May 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a rapid decline in kidney function, often occurring in hospitalized patients. While AKI can be reversed, it significantly increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease later in life.

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Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury
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Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury

Published on: July 17, 2016

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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Published on: February 2, 2021

Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury
07:58

Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury

Published on: July 17, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by rapid loss of kidney excretory function.
  • It is a common complication in hospitalized and critically ill patients, often stemming from external factors.
  • Current treatment for AKI is primarily supportive, with no specific therapies to reverse or accelerate recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of acute kidney injury.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and emerging techniques.
  • To discuss treatment modalities and long-term outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on acute kidney injury.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical manifestations.
  • Examination of treatment strategies and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • AKI is diagnosed by markers like elevated urea and creatinine or reduced urine output.
  • Extrarenal events are frequent causes in critically ill patients, though mechanisms remain debated.
  • Renal replacement therapy is used for severe AKI cases.
  • Recovery to dialysis independence is typical for survivors without pre-existing chronic kidney disease.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis through novel renal biomarkers may improve patient outcomes.
  • AKI survivors face an elevated risk of developing chronic kidney disease.
  • Further research is needed to understand AKI's pathogenesis and develop targeted therapies.