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Frontotemporal white-matter microstructural abnormalities in adolescents with conduct disorder: a diffusion tensor

S Sarkar1, M C Craig, M Catani

  • 1Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. sagari.sarkar@kcl.ac.uk

Psychological Medicine
|May 24, 2012
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Adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) show altered brain connectivity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), a key pathway linking emotion and decision-making. These developmental differences in UF microstructure may contribute to lifelong antisocial behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Children with conduct disorder (CD) face higher risks for adult antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and psychopathy.
  • Previous studies in adults suggest altered white matter tracts, specifically the uncinate fasciculus (UF), in psychopathy.
  • Developmental changes in the UF in adolescents with CD remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microstructural integrity of the uncinate fasciculus (UF) in adolescents with conduct disorder (CD).
  • To examine age-related differences in UF microstructure in adolescents with CD compared to healthy controls.
  • To determine if observed differences are specific to the UF or present in other white matter tracts.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) tractography was used to analyze the UF in 27 adolescents with CD and 16 healthy controls (ages 12-19).
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA) and perpendicular diffusivity were measured in the UF and two non-limbic control tracts.
  • Groups were matched for age, IQ, and substance use history; CD participants had a history of serious aggressive and violent behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Adolescents with CD exhibited significantly increased FA and reduced perpendicular diffusivity in the left UF compared to controls.
  • Significant age-related differences in UF perpendicular diffusivity were observed between groups.
  • While controls showed age-related maturation of the UF, adolescents with CD did not.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) display distinct microstructural properties in the uncinate fasciculus (UF).
  • These findings suggest altered connectivity and maturation of the UF in adolescents with CD.
  • The UF's atypical development may represent a neurobiological marker for persistent conduct problems.