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Diabetic cardiomyopathy.

F S Fein1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.

Diabetes Care
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy, a heart condition in diabetes patients, is linked to heart failure, especially in Black individuals. Tight blood sugar and blood pressure control are crucial for managing this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is independently associated with cardiomyopathy, irrespective of coronary atherosclerosis.
  • Pathological findings include myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and microvascular changes, though their direct link to heart failure is unclear.
  • Both congestive and restrictive cardiomyopathy have been observed in diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical and experimental features of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • To highlight the particular relevance of diabetic cardiomyopathy to the Black population.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 137 identified studies, with 57 selected for reference.
  • Analysis of clinical, pathological, hemodynamic, and noninvasive studies in humans.

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  • Review of experimental studies in diabetic dogs and rats, including effects of hypertension and insulin therapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Noninvasive studies show abnormal systolic and diastolic function in diabetics, particularly with complications or hypertension.
    • Experimental models demonstrate cardiac changes like decreased compliance, fibrosis, and impaired contractility in diabetic animals.
    • Hypertension exacerbates cardiac and microvascular pathology in diabetic rats, leading to heart failure and spontaneous death.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a significant cause of heart failure in diabetic individuals, more prevalent with microvascular complications and hypertension.
    • Further clinical studies are needed to understand the natural history and benefits of glycemic and hypertensive control.
    • Experimental research is vital for elucidating pathophysiology and developing improved therapeutic strategies, with special attention to the Black population due to high diabetes and hypertension prevalence.