Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026
03:19
Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
Published on: June 21, 2024
Hematuria: a problem-based imaging algorithm illustrating the recent Dutch guidelines on hematuria
Aart J van der Molen1, Marina C Hovius
1Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. molen@lumc.nl
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|May 25, 2012
Summary
This study presents a problem-based algorithm for evaluating hematuria (blood in urine). It emphasizes individualized, risk-based approaches to urothelial cancer detection, tailoring imaging for different risk groups.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Oncology
Background:
- Hematuria diagnosis requires a systematic approach.
- Previous guidelines have utilized problem-based frameworks.
- Early detection of urothelial cancer is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To illustrate a problem-based algorithm for hematuria work-up.
- To adapt the 2010 Dutch Guideline on Hematuria.
- To provide a structured diagnostic pathway for patients with blood in urine.
Main Methods:
- Development of a problem-based diagnostic algorithm.
- Review of existing hematuria guidelines.
- Risk stratification for urothelial cancer.
Main Results:
- A problem-based algorithm for hematuria evaluation was developed.
- The algorithm emphasizes individualized patient assessment.
- Risk categories for urothelial cancer were defined.
Conclusions:
- Hematuria work-up should be individualized and risk-based.
- Risk stratification is essential for efficient diagnosis.
- Imaging algorithms must be tailored to urothelial cancer risk levels.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography
IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
01:22Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography
IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
01:19Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging
DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
01:27Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
01:28Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
01:27Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography
DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...