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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
11:51

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage

Published on: February 10, 2014

Microfracture and augments.

Andreas H Gomoll1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. agomoll@partners.org

The Journal of Knee Surgery
|May 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Standard microfracture effectively treats small cartilage defects but can degrade over time in larger or patellofemoral areas. Augmentation techniques using biomaterials and growth factors may improve outcomes and expand treatment indications.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Microfracture is a common surgical technique for symptomatic cartilage defects.
  • Its efficacy is limited by the quality and durability of the repair tissue, particularly in larger or patellofemoral defects.
  • Fibrocartilaginous repair tissue can degrade over time, leading to suboptimal long-term outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current indications, techniques, and outcomes of standard microfracture for cartilage repair.
  • To explore the potential of augmentation devices to enhance microfracture outcomes.
  • To discuss how augmentation may broaden the clinical applications of microfracture.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microfracture technique and clinical results.

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  • Overview of various augmentation strategies, including biomaterials and growth factors.
  • Analysis of potential benefits and limitations of different augmentation approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • Standard microfracture shows success in specific indications (small femoral condyle defects).
    • Degradation of repair tissue is a concern for larger or patellofemoral defects.
    • Augmentation with membranes, gels, injections, and growth factors shows promise for improved repair.

    Conclusions:

    • Microfracture remains a valuable tool for cartilage repair under strict indications.
    • Augmentation techniques hold significant potential to improve repair quality and durability.
    • Further research into augmentation strategies could expand microfracture's utility to a wider range of cartilage defects.