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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...

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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Published on: February 13, 2016

Dual-responsive controlled drug delivery based on ionically assembled nanoparticles.

Wei Cui1, Xuemin Lu, Kun Cui

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|May 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

New ionically assembled nanoparticles (INPs) show dual pH and thermal responsiveness for drug delivery. These smart nanoparticles release drugs effectively under pathological conditions, demonstrating potential for cancer therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Ionically assembled nanoparticles (INPs) offer tunable properties for advanced applications.
  • Stimuli-responsive materials are crucial for targeted drug delivery systems.
  • Poly(ionic liquid)s and N-isopropylacrylamide are known for their responsive characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel dual pH and thermo-responsive INPs.
  • To evaluate the drug release kinetics of these INPs under various conditions.
  • To assess the potential of INPs as drug carriers for cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of INPs using poly(ionic liquid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) and deoxycholic acid.
  • Characterization via NMR, FTIR, TEM, and DLS.
  • In vitro drug release studies using doxorubicin (DOX) at different pH and temperatures.

Main Results:

  • INPs demonstrated significant pH (pKa=6.2) and thermal (thermo-responsive N-isopropylacrylamide) dual-responsiveness.
  • Accelerated DOX release (80% in 48h) observed at lower pH (5.2) and higher temperature (43°C).
  • Reduced DOX release (30% in 48h) occurred at physiological conditions (37°C, pH 7.4).
  • Drug-loaded INPs exhibited inhibitory effects on cell growth.

Conclusions:

  • The developed INPs possess excellent dual-responsive drug release capabilities.
  • These INPs show promise as effective drug delivery carriers for pathological conditions.
  • The findings support the potential application of these smart nanoparticles in cancer treatment.