State-of-the-art computed tomography angiography of acute aortic syndrome

Acute aortic syndrome refers to a spectrum of acute life-threatening aortic abnormalities requiring prompt recognition and treatment. Although underlying pathologies are diverse, presenting signs and symptoms are often indistinguishable clinically, underscoring the role of imaging to make the correct diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) angiography, a safe and accessible imaging modality, is paramount in accurately confirming or excluding critical aortic lesions, defining location and extent, and describing associated complications. Electrocardiographic gating further improves diagnostic precision of CT, providing motion-free 3- and 4-dimensional imaging of the entire aorta. This article reviews the imaging spectrum and state-of-the-art CT for patients presenting with acute aortic syndrome.