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Related Concept Videos

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 29, 2010

DNA replication: Pif1 pulls the plug on stalled replication forks.

Kenji Shimada1, Susan M Gasser

  • 1Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland. kenji.shimada@fmi.ch

Current Biology : CB
|May 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The PIF helicase family ensures DNA replication completes successfully, especially in difficult regions. These findings in fission yeast suggest a universal mechanism for maintaining replication integrity across species.

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Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
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Detection of Post-Replicative Gaps Accumulation and Repair in Human Cells Using the DNA Fiber Assay
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Detection of Post-Replicative Gaps Accumulation and Repair in Human Cells Using the DNA Fiber Assay

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Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique
07:18

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • DNA replication is a fundamental process crucial for cell division.
  • Replication fork progression can be impeded by various genomic obstacles.
  • Ensuring complete and accurate DNA replication is vital for genomic stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the PIF helicase family in DNA replication.
  • To determine how PIF helicases facilitate passage through challenging DNA regions.
  • To ascertain if mechanisms ensuring replication integrity are conserved.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing fission yeast as a model organism.
  • Employing genetic and molecular biology techniques.
  • Comparing findings with existing data from budding yeast.

Main Results:

  • The PIF helicase family plays a conserved role in replication termination.
  • PIF helicases help overcome replication fork stalling.
  • Evidence supports universal mechanisms for replication integrity.

Conclusions:

  • PIF helicases are essential for successful DNA replication termination.
  • Conserved mechanisms involving PIF helicases ensure replication through difficult sequences.
  • These findings highlight universal pathways for maintaining genome stability.