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Published on: July 15, 2015
Normal and pathologic concentrations of uremic toxins
Flore Duranton1, Gerald Cohen, Rita De Smet
1RD-Néphrologie, Montpellier, France.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|May 26, 2012
Summary
This review updates knowledge on uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease (CKD). It identifies new solutes and provides updated concentration data, aiding future research on toxin effects.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
Background:
- Uremic toxins are a significant concern in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Previous reviews have classified these toxins, but updated information is needed.
- Understanding uremic toxin concentrations is crucial for managing CKD progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update the classification and concentration data of uremic retention solutes.
- To identify newly reported solutes associated with uremic toxicity.
- To facilitate the design of experimental studies on the biologic effects of uremic toxins.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a literature search for articles on uremic toxicity published after 2003.
- Analyzed 87 records reporting serum or blood solute measurements in CKD patients.
- Identified and categorized previously known and newly reported uremic solutes.
Main Results:
- Identified 32 known and 56 newly reported uremic solutes from 621 reviewed articles.
- Commonly reported solutes include beta2-microglobulin, indoxyl sulfate, homocysteine, uric acid, and parathyroid hormone.
- Observed updated concentration data for several solutes, with some showing increased and others decreased uremic levels compared to previous reports.
Conclusions:
- This review provides an updated classification of uremic retention solutes and their concentrations.
- The findings extend the understanding of solute changes in CKD.
- This updated knowledge base will support the design of future research investigating the biological impacts of uremic toxins.
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