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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

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Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection
12:57

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection

Published on: October 13, 2017

Instabilities in quantum-dot spin-VCSELs.

Dimitris Alexandropoulos1, Rihab Al-Seyab, Ian Henning

  • 1School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK. dalexa@essex.ac.uk

Optics Letters
|May 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores the stability of optically-pumped quantum-dot spin-vertical cavity lasers. Results show significant polarization switching and periodic oscillations due to spin relaxation and birefringence.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection
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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Optoelectronics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Optically-pumped quantum-dot spin-vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (QD-VCSELs) are crucial for advanced optical communication and information processing.
  • Understanding their stability under varying operational conditions is essential for reliable device performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the stability of QD-VCSELs under different pump intensities and polarizations.
  • To analyze the underlying mechanisms causing instability and oscillations in these devices.

Main Methods:

  • A modified spin-flip model was employed to simulate and analyze the laser dynamics.
  • Stability maps were generated based on pump intensity and polarization parameters.

Main Results:

  • The study identified distinct stable and unstable regions in the QD-VCSELs' operational parameter space.
  • Pronounced polarization switching was observed within the stable regions.
  • Periodic oscillations in unstable regions were linked to the interplay between spin relaxation and birefringence.

Conclusions:

  • The modified spin-flip model provides valuable insights into QD-VCSEL stability.
  • Polarization control and understanding spin dynamics are critical for optimizing QD-VCSEL performance.
  • Birefringence and spin relaxation are key factors influencing laser stability and dynamics.