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Related Concept Videos

TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
06:54

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

TGF-beta: a master switch in tumor immunity.

Margherita Gigante1, Loreto Gesualdo, Elena Ranieri

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy.

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|May 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The immune system defends against tumors, but cancer cells can evade this defense. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) aids tumor growth by suppressing anti-tumor immunity, suggesting new immunotherapy targets.

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A Novel Feeder-free System for Mass Production of Murine Natural Killer Cells In Vitro
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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
06:54

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

A Novel Feeder-free System for Mass Production of Murine Natural Killer Cells In Vitro
10:36

A Novel Feeder-free System for Mass Production of Murine Natural Killer Cells In Vitro

Published on: January 9, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The immune system's ability to differentiate self from non-self is vital for survival and cancer immunosurveillance.
  • Tumors can escape immune detection by creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
  • Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a potent immunosuppressive factor implicated in oncogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which TGF-β interferes with anti-tumor immunity.
  • To explore strategies for overcoming TGF-β-mediated immunosuppression.
  • To identify potential targets for enhancing cancer immunotherapies.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research on TGF-β and cancer immunity.
  • Mechanisms of TGF-β action on immune cells and the tumor microenvironment are discussed.
  • Potential therapeutic strategies targeting the TGF-β pathway are examined.

Main Results:

  • TGF-β actively suppresses various components of the anti-tumor immune response.
  • The TGF-β pathway promotes tumor cell metastasis and inhibits immune surveillance.
  • Overcoming TGF-β's immunosuppressive effects is crucial for effective cancer immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • TGF-β plays a significant role in enabling tumors to evade immune responses.
  • Targeting the TGF-β pathway holds promise for developing more effective cancer immunotherapies.
  • Circumventing TGF-β activity is a key strategy for future cancer treatment.