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Related Concept Videos

Projectile Motion: Example01:18

Projectile Motion: Example

The theory of projectile motion is very useful for players of several sports to improve their performance. For example, a javelin thrower needs to throw their javelin in such a way that it travels as far as possible. The javelin thrower takes a short run-up to increase the initial speed of the javelin. The range of a projectile is at its maximum at a 45° angle so javelin throwers try to angle their throw as close to 45° as possible.
When we speak of the range (R) of a projectile on level...
Projectile Motion01:20

Projectile Motion

An object thrown in the air follows a parabolic path under the influence of Earth's gravitational force. The motion of such an object is called projectile motion, and the object itself a projectile. The parabolic path followed by the projectile is called the trajectory. Some common examples of projectile motion are the launching of fireworks, a golf ball in the air, meteors entering the Earth's atmosphere, and the firing of bullets.
When an object falls under gravity and has no horizontal...
Projectile Motion: Equations01:26

Projectile Motion: Equations

Projectile motion is commonly observed in our day-to-day life. For example, a basketball thrown by a player, an arrow shot from a bow, and kids jumping into the pool, all undergo projectile motion.
Any projectile motion problem can be solved by using the following strategy:
Motion of a Projectile01:23

Motion of a Projectile

Projectile motion becomes evident when a player kicks the ball into the air. The launch angle, or the angle at which the ball is kicked, plays a crucial role in determining the trajectory of the projectile. As the ball soars through the air, influenced solely by gravity, its motion can be dissected into two independent velocity components: the horizontal and the vertical.
Horizontal motion, governed by the initial kick, maintains a constant velocity throughout the flight of the soccer ball.
Impact: Problem Solving01:26

Impact: Problem Solving

In an experiment conducted during a Mars mission, a rover propels a projectile with an initial velocity, and the projectile rebounds after colliding with the Martian surface. To ascertain the maximum height attained by the projectile after this collision, the known restitution coefficient and acceleration due to gravity are employed.
By designating the launch point as the origin and utilizing kinematic equations, the vertical component of the projectile's velocity at the point of impact is...

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Building Affordable, Durable, Medium-Fidelity Ballistic Gel Phantoms for Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Block Training
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[Ballistic quality assurance].

E Cassol1, J Bonnet, D Porcheron

  • 1Unité de radiophysique et de radioprotection des hôpitaux de Toulouse, Hôtel Dieu Saint-Jacques, 2 rue Viguerie,Toulouse cedex 9, France. cassol.e@chu-toulouse.fr

Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal De La Societe Francaise De Radiotherapie Oncologique
|May 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ballistic quality assurance for Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery requires regular mechanical checks of irradiation and collimation systems. Institutions must assess accuracy based on treatment modes and use end-to-end methods to ensure precision, aiming for sub-millimeter accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Quality Assurance

Background:

  • Stereotactic intracranial irradiation, particularly with Gamma Knife, demands rigorous quality assurance.
  • Existing guidelines for ballistic quality assurance are limited, necessitating institutional assessment.
  • Technological advancements in irradiation delivery systems require updated QA protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and outline essential ballistic quality assurance procedures for stereotactic intracranial irradiation.
  • To emphasize the importance of mechanical stability checks for irradiation and collimation systems.
  • To guide institutions in assessing QA frequency and accuracy based on evolving treatment technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Periodic mechanical stability controls of irradiation and collimation systems.
  • Collaboration between medical physicists and manufacturer technical support for QA procedures.
  • Implementation of 'end-to-end' quality assurance techniques encompassing immobilization, localization, imaging, and treatment delivery.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical stability of irradiation and collimation systems is critical for accurate treatment delivery.
  • QA frequency and accuracy assessment should be tailored to specific treatment modes (e.g., hypofractionation, micro-multileaf collimators).
  • End-to-end QA methods are crucial for identifying discrepancies and validating overall ballistic accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive ballistic quality assurance is vital for stereotactic intracranial irradiation using Gamma Knife or linear accelerators.
  • Regular, specific controls and end-to-end assessments are mandatory for ensuring treatment precision.
  • A final achievable precision of approximately 1mm is attainable with robust QA protocols.