Sounds exaggerate visual shape
Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026

Investigating the Effect of Visual Imagery and Learning Shape-Audio Regularities on Bouba and Kiki
Published on: September 13, 2019
Timothy D Sweeny1, Emmanuel Guzman-Martinez, Laura Ortega
1Department of Psychology, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. timsweeny@berkeley.edu
Abstract:
While perceiving speech, people see mouth shapes that are systematically associated with sounds. In particular, a vertically stretched mouth produces a /woo/ sound, whereas a horizontally stretched mouth produces a /wee/ sound. We demonstrate that hearing these speech sounds alters how we see aspect ratio, a basic visual feature that contributes to perception of 3D space, objects and faces. Hearing a /woo/ sound increases the apparent vertical elongation of a shape, whereas hearing a /wee/ sound increases the apparent horizontal elongation. We further demonstrate that these sounds influence aspect ratio coding. Viewing and adapting to a tall (or flat) shape makes a subsequently presented symmetric shape appear flat (or tall). These aspect ratio aftereffects are enhanced when associated speech sounds are presented during the adaptation period, suggesting that the sounds influence visual population coding of aspect ratio. Taken together, these results extend previous demonstrations that visual information constrains auditory perception by showing the converse - speech sounds influence visual perception of a basic geometric feature.
Related Concept Videos
Visual Agnosia
Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate
Stress on an Oblique Plane
Gestalt Principles of Perception
Perceptual Constancy
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

