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William MacCrehan¹, Stephanie Moore, Michele Schantz

¹Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. william.maccrehan@nist.gov

Journal of Chromatography. A

|May 29, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study used automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to analyze the vapor release profiles of explosive odorants used in canine training. Findings help optimize odor delivery systems for better detection training.

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Published on: July 25, 2014

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Forensic Science
Materials Science

Background:

Understanding the dynamic release of vapors from odorants is crucial for various applications, including security and training.
Odor delivery systems are vital for canine training aids, but their vapor release characteristics are not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the vapor-time profiles of odor delivery devices for explosive compounds.
To compare the performance of different delivery systems for 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2-ethyl-hexanol (2-EH), and triacetone triperoxide (TATP).
To provide guidance on selecting optimal odor delivery techniques.

Main Methods:

Automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with an externally sampled internal standard (ESIS) was employed.
Vapor-time profiles were measured for 70 hours for three target odorants.
Strategies for analyzing compounds with varying volatility and quantifying vapor concentration were developed.

Main Results:

Distinct vapor-time profiles were observed for the different explosive odorants and delivery systems.
The study characterized the dynamic release of 2,4-DNT, 2-EH, and TATP over time.
Differences in volatility significantly impacted the observed vapor release patterns.

Conclusions:

The developed SPME-ESIS method effectively quantifies vapor concentration and profiles.
Understanding these profiles is essential for designing effective canine training aids.
The findings offer insights for selecting appropriate odor delivery systems based on compound volatility and desired release characteristics.