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Structure and expression of a shrimp prohormone convertase 2
Amornrat Tangprasittipap1, Saisunee Chouwdee, Kornsunee Phiwsaiya
1Shrimp-Virus Interaction Laboratory (ASVI), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
General and Comparative Endocrinology
|May 29, 2012
Summary
Researchers identified a prohormone convertase 2 (PC2)-like enzyme, PmPC2, in shrimp. PmPC2 is involved in the neuroendocrine system and may regulate hyperglycemic hormone, though its link to shrimp weight remains unclear.
Area of Science:
- Crustacean neuroendocrinology
- Molecular biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Post-translational modification enzymes for crustacean neuroendocrine hormones are poorly understood.
- A novel prohormone convertase 2 (PC2)-like enzyme, PmPC2, was isolated from the giant tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the PmPC2 enzyme, including its expression, localization, and potential function in the shrimp neuroendocrine system.
- To investigate the relationship between PmPC2 and shrimp hyperglycemic hormone (Pem-CHH1).
Main Methods:
- cDNA sequencing and analysis
- Quantitative PCR (qPCR) for gene expression analysis
- Immunohistochemistry for protein localization
- Yeast two-hybrid assay for protein interaction
- Recombinant protein expression and activity assays
- RNA interference (RNAi) for gene silencing
Main Results:
- PmPC2 cDNA sequence is conserved among species. PmPC2 is expressed in larval stages and adult neuroendocrine cells, with expression negatively correlated with shrimp body weight.
- Immunohistochemistry localized PmPC2 in key neurosecretory organs, including the sinus gland and organs of Bellonci and Hanström.
- PmPC2 interacts with Pem-CHH1, a hormone regulating glucose metabolism. Recombinant PmPC2 catalytic domain showed no enzymatic activity.
- dsRNA-mediated knockdown of PmPC2 reduced both PmPC2 and Pem-CHH1 transcripts but did not affect hemolymph glucose levels.
Conclusions:
- PmPC2 is a functional component of the shrimp neuroendocrine system, potentially involved in Pem-CHH1 processing and regulation.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise role of PmPC2 in Pem-CHH1 activation and the unexplained negative correlation between PmPC2 expression and shrimp body weight.
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