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Pediatric facial injuries: It's management
Geeta Singh1, Shadab Mohammad, U S Pal
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, C.S.M. Medical University, Lucknow, India.
Insights
Pediatric facial trauma management focuses on preserving facial growth. Most childhood facial fractures, particularly mandibular ones, are treatable with conservative methods, minimizing long-term growth impact.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Traumatology
- Craniofacial Surgery
- Pediatric Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Background:
- Facial injuries in children pose diagnostic and management challenges.
- Ensuring unimpeded facial skeletal growth is crucial for pediatric patients with facial trauma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the most effective management strategies for pediatric facial injuries.
- To identify methods that prevent compromising facial growth in children.
Main Methods:
- A study involving sixty randomly selected pediatric patients with facial trauma.
- Management approaches included observation, closed/open reduction, trans-osseous wiring, mini bone plates, splinting, and zygoma fixation.
Main Results:
- Falls were the primary cause of pediatric facial injuries.
- Mandibular fractures were most common (0.60%), followed by dentoalveolar (0.27%).
- The 6-11 year age group (Group II) had the highest incidence (51.67%).
Conclusions:
- Most pediatric mandibular and midface fractures can be managed conservatively.
- Surgical intervention is reserved for specific complex cases.
- Conservative management aids in preserving normal facial growth patterns.
Background:
Facial injuries in children always present a challenge in respect of their diagnosis and management. Since these children are of a growing age every care should be taken so that later the overall growth pattern of the facial skeleton in these children is not jeopardized.
Purpose:
To access the most feasible method for the management of facial injuries in children without hampering the facial growth.
Materials And Methods:
Sixty child patients with facial trauma were selected randomly for this study. On the basis of examination and investigations a suitable management approach involving rest and observation, open or closed reduction and immobilization, trans-osseous (TO) wiring, mini bone plate fixation, splinting and replantation, elevation and fixation of zygoma, etc. were carried out.
Results And Conclusion:
In our study fall was the predominant cause for most of the facial injuries in children. There was a 1.09% incidence of facial injuries in children up to 16 years of age amongst the total patients. The age-wise distribution of the fracture amongst groups (I, II and III) was found to be 26.67%, 51.67% and 21.67% respectively. Male to female patient ratio was 3:1. The majority of the cases of facial injuries were seen in Group II patients (6-11 years) i.e. 51.67%. The mandibular fracture was found to be the most common fracture (0.60%) followed by dentoalveolar (0.27%), mandibular + midface (0.07) and midface (0.02%) fractures. Most of the mandibular fractures were found in the parasymphysis region. Simple fracture seems to be commonest in the mandible. Most of the mandibular and midface fractures in children were amenable to conservative therapies except a few which required surgical intervention.
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