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Updated: May 22, 2026

Preparation of Cross-Linked Sodium Alginate Microspheres with Different Metal Ions Using the Microfluidic Electrospray Technology
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Alginate Microsphere Fabrication Using Bipolar Wave-Based Drop-on-Demand Jetting.

C Leigh Herran1, Yong Huang

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.

Journal of Manufacturing Processes
|May 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fabricating controllable alginate microspheres using drop-on-demand (DOD) jetting is challenging. Formability depends on material concentrations and voltage settings, while size is influenced by dwell time and voltage amplitudes.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microsphere fabrication is crucial for various applications.
  • Controlling microsphere size and formability during scale-up presents manufacturing challenges.
  • Drop-on-demand (DOD) jetting offers precise control over droplet formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the impact of material properties and operating conditions on alginate microsphere formability and size.
  • To optimize the DOD jetting process for consistent microsphere production.
  • To understand the relationship between jetting parameters and microsphere characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of alginate microspheres using bipolar wave-based drop-on-demand (DOD) jetting.
  • Systematic variation of sodium alginate and calcium chloride concentrations.
  • Adjustment of electrical parameters: voltage rise/fall times, dwell and echo times, excitation voltage amplitudes, and frequency.
  • Analysis of microsphere formability and size in response to parameter changes.

Main Results:

  • Microsphere formability is sensitive to sodium alginate and calcium chloride concentrations, dwell/echo voltages, and dwell time.
  • Formability decreases with increasing sodium alginate concentration but increases with calcium chloride concentration, dwell/echo voltages, and dwell time.
  • Microsphere size is not sensitive to material concentrations but is influenced by dwell time and voltage amplitudes, showing an initial increase then decrease with dwell time.

Conclusions:

  • Alginate microsphere formability and size can be effectively controlled by optimizing DOD jetting parameters.
  • Material concentrations and electrical settings play critical roles in achieving desired microsphere characteristics.
  • This study provides insights for scalable and precise alginate microsphere manufacturing.