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[Epidemiological profile of children burns admitted at the National Center for Brules, Morocco]
1Centre National des Brûlés, Chirurgie Plastique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
Insights
Paediatric burns are most common in children aged 1-5 years, primarily caused by accidental liquid scalds in the home. Prevention strategies are crucial given the high hospitalization and mortality rates in pediatric burn patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric burn epidemiology
- Burn injury etiology
- Injury prevention research
Context:
- Home environment is the primary setting for pediatric burn injuries.
- Accidental liquid scalds represent the predominant cause of burns in children.
- A significant proportion of pediatric burn cases involve extensive body surface area involvement.
Purpose:
- To analyze the epidemiology and causes of pediatric burns.
- To identify contributing factors for burn prevention in children.
- To assess the characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized pediatric burn patients.
Summary:
- This retrospective study analyzed 543 pediatric burn cases, revealing a high hospitalization rate (45.7%) with the highest incidence in the 1-5 year age group.
- The majority of burns occurred in the home (85.1%) due to accidental liquid scalds (69.3%), affecting upper limbs most frequently (79.1%).
- A substantial percentage of patients (52.3%) had burns covering 20% or more of their body surface area, with a notable mortality rate of 13.2%.
Impact:
- Highlights the critical need for targeted home-based burn prevention strategies for young children.
- Informs public health initiatives and clinical practice regarding pediatric burn care and prevention.
- Emphasizes the importance of timely referral and management for severe pediatric burn cases to reduce mortality.
Abstract:
This retrospective study was performed in order to analyse the epidemiology and aetiology of 543 cases of paediatric burns and to determine the elements that might have contributed to their prevention, which remains the treatment of choice for this pathology. The paediatric hospitalization rate for burns was 45.7% (mean age, 4.25 yr), the highest proportion of patients (42.5%) being in the 1-5 yr age group. The male/female ratio in all age groups was 1.7/1. The environment where burn injury most commonly occurred was the home (85.1%), and with accidental causes, accounting for 96.5% of the causes (mainly liquids, 69.3%). The mean percentage of burned body surface area was 21% with a total burned body surface area of ≥ 20% in 52.3% of cases. The upper limbs (79.1%) were the most affected body site; and the children were referred from other hospitals in more than 6 h in 65.5% of cases. The mortality rate was 13.2%
