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CT features of lymphobronchial tuberculosis in children, including complications and associated abnormalities

Susan Lucas1, Savvas Andronikou, Pierre Goussard

  • 1Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa. su.lucas@iburst.co.za

Pediatric Radiology
|May 31, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Lymphobronchial tuberculosis (TB) in children often causes severe airway compression, especially in infants, with most complications showing a right-side predominance. This study details CT findings of these airway and lung issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Lymphobronchial tuberculosis (TB) is a significant cause of airway lymphadenopathy in children.
  • Understanding its CT manifestations is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize computed tomography (CT) findings of lymphobronchial TB in pediatric patients.
  • To document associated parenchymal complications and abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of CT scans from children diagnosed with lymphobronchial TB.
  • Documentation of lymphadenopathy, bronchial narrowing, and parenchymal changes.

Main Results:

  • Lymphadenopathy was most common in the subcarinal mediastinum (97%).
  • All patients exhibited bronchial compression, with 23% severe/complete stenosis, often affecting the bronchus intermedius.
  • Parenchymal complications (94%) included consolidation, breakdown, and air trapping, predominantly on the right side.

Conclusions:

  • Airway compression is more severe in infants and frequently involves the bronchus intermedius.
  • Parenchymal complications are numerous and exhibit a right-sided predominance.
Abstract

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