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De-alcoholised white and red wines decrease inflammatory markers and NF-κB in atheroma plaques in apoE-deficient

Nuria Martínez1, Kelly Casós, Paolo Simonetti

  • 1Departament de Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, IRNSA, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

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De-alcoholised red wine (DRW) significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesions and inflammatory biomarkers in mice. DRW demonstrated greater efficacy than de-alcoholised white wine (DWW) in mitigating atherosclerosis development.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Nutritional Science
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease.
  • Wine polyphenols may offer protective effects against atherosclerosis.
  • De-alcoholised wines (DWW and DRW) were investigated for their impact on atheroma plaque development and biomarker expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic effects of de-alcoholised white wine (DWW) and de-alcoholised red wine (DRW).
  • To assess the impact of DWW and DRW on the expression of inflammatory biomarkers and adhesion molecules.
  • To investigate the role of NF-κB signaling in the modulation of atherosclerosis by de-alcoholised wines.

Main Methods:

  • ApoE-deficient mice were fed control or de-alcoholised wine-rich diets for 12 or 20 weeks.
  • Atherosclerotic lesion development was examined in the thoracic aorta and aortic root using microscopy and immunofluorescence.
  • Cytokine and adhesion molecule expression (interferon-γ, interleukin-1β, MCP-1, CD68, P-selectin, VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and NF-κB expression were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Both DWW and DRW significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta after 20 weeks.
  • DRW markedly decreased the expression of cytokines (interferon-γ, interleukin-1β, MCP-1, CD68) and adhesion molecules (P-selectin, VCAM-1, ICAM-1).
  • NF-κB expression was significantly downregulated in mice treated with de-alcoholised wines.

Conclusions:

  • De-alcoholised red wine (DRW) is more effective than de-alcoholised white wine (DWW) in reducing inflammatory markers associated with atherosclerosis.
  • The anti-atherosclerotic effects of de-alcoholised wines may be attributed to their phenolic content and the downregulation of NF-κB signaling.