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At the Frontier; RXLR Effectors Crossing the Phytophthora-Host Interface.

Klaas Bouwmeester1, Harold J G Meijer, Francine Govers

  • 1Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University Wageningen, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|May 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Plant pathogens like Phytophthora infestans use RXLR motifs to deliver effectors into host cells. A specific effector, IPI-O, interacts with LecRK-I.9 via an RGD motif, potentially aiding host cell entry.

Keywords:
LecRK-I.9PhytophthoraRGDRXLR–dEEReffectorlectin receptor kinaseoomycetes

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Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cellular microbiology

Background:

  • Plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to manipulate host physiology and defenses.
  • Oomycete pathogens, including Phytophthora infestans, utilize conserved N-terminal motifs like RXLR for effector translocation into host cells.
  • The RXLR motif shares similarities with translocation motifs in Plasmodium species, suggesting potential conserved mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of effector translocation in oomycete plant pathogens.
  • To identify potential host cell targets for the Phytophthora infestans effector IPI-O.
  • To explore the role of specific motifs in host-pathogen interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of conserved amino acid motifs in oomycete effector proteins.
  • Investigating the interaction between the P. infestans effector IPI-O and host cell proteins.
  • Utilizing knowledge of host cell adhesion motifs like RGD and their interaction with receptors.

Main Results:

  • The P. infestans effector IPI-O interacts with a host membrane protein, LecRK-I.9.
  • This interaction is mediated by the tripeptide RGD motif, which overlaps with the RXLR motif of IPI-O.
  • The RGD motif is a known cell adhesion motif in animals, binding to integrins.

Conclusions:

  • LecRK-I.9 is a potential host target for the oomycete effector IPI-O, facilitating initial host cell contact.
  • The overlapping RGD and RXLR motifs suggest a conserved mechanism for effector translocation, possibly involving host cell receptors.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing strategies against oomycete plant diseases.