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Immunotherapy targets in pediatric cancer
Rimas J Orentas1, Daniel W Lee, Crystal Mackall
1Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA.
Frontiers in Oncology
|May 31, 2012
Summary
Pediatric cancer immunotherapy shows promise by adapting adult strategies. This review highlights key molecular targets like CD19, GD2, and NY-ESO-1 for effective childhood cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Cancer Immunology
- Immunotherapy
Background:
- Immunotherapy has demonstrated significant success in adult cancers.
- Translating these advancements to pediatric oncology is a promising area of research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review principles for selecting immunotherapy targets in cancer.
- To identify and evaluate molecular targets for pediatric cancer immunotherapy.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of oncogene-inhibition targets versus immune targets.
- Review of molecules expressed by pediatric tumors as potential immune targets.
- Distinction between targeting cell surface antigens (MHC-independent) and intracellular antigens (MHC-restricted).
Main Results:
- CD19 and CD22 are advanced targets for hematologic malignancies.
- GD2 is a key target for solid tumors.
- NY-ESO-1 is expressed in synovial sarcomas, indicating its potential.
Conclusions:
- Several molecules show potential as effective immunotherapy targets for childhood cancers.
- Understanding target characteristics (cell surface vs. intracellular) is crucial for therapy selection.
- Continued research into novel targets will advance pediatric cancer immunotherapy.
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