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Multinational trends in multiple myeloma.

J Schwartz1

  • 1Office of Policy Analysis, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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Mortality rates for multiple myeloma are rising globally, particularly in older adults. This trend suggests environmental factors, not just better diagnosis, may be driving the increase in this cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma mortality rates have shown a consistent increase across industrialized nations over the past two decades.
  • This upward trend in mortality is notably more pronounced in older age groups, with rates accelerating significantly in individuals 85 years and older.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the trends in multiple myeloma mortality rates.
  • To explore the relationship between age and the increasing mortality rates of multiple myeloma.
  • To identify potential causes for the observed rise in multiple myeloma deaths.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of reported mortality data from multiple myeloma across industrialized countries over the last 20 years.
  • Examination of the interaction between age and mortality increase rates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of cancer ascertainment data to rule out improved diagnosis as the sole cause.
  • Cohort analysis in the United States to assess risk shifts across birth cohorts.

    • Main Results:

    • Mortality rates for multiple myeloma are increasing globally, with the rate of increase escalating with age.
    • The increase in mortality is relatively consistent across genders and different countries.
    • Cohort data from the US indicates a parallel rise in risk for birth cohorts from 1870 to 1910, without specific age-related differences.
    • Improved cancer diagnosis alone cannot account for the observed mortality trends.

    Conclusions:

    • The consistent increase in multiple myeloma mortality, especially with age, suggests a genuine rise in incidence or a more aggressive disease.
    • Environmental factors are implicated as a likely cause for the increasing trend in multiple myeloma.
    • Further research into environmental exposures is warranted to understand and potentially mitigate the rise in multiple myeloma mortality.