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Related Concept Videos

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce relaxation in these...
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines01:24

Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines

Theophylline, a member of the methylxanthine class of bronchodilators, has long been used in asthma management. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to have multiple effects on various cellular processes.
Theophylline is thought to inhibit phosphodiesterase enzymes, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This rise in cAMP and cGMP concentrations stimulates cardiac function,...

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A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice
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Identifying and testing potential new anti-asthma agents.

Cailong Fang1, Chris J Corrigan, Sun Ying

  • 1Guy's Hospital, King's College London, MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma , Department of Asthma , Allergy and Respiratory Science, 5th Floor, Tower Wing, London SE1 9RT , UK +44 207 188 3392 ; ying.sun@kcl.ac.uk.

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery
|June 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

New asthma treatments are needed for severe, uncontrolled disease. Research explores targeting immune cells and signaling pathways beyond current therapies like inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABA).

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Standard asthma management includes inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABA).
  • A subset of patients experiences severe, chronic asthma with irreversible airway changes.
  • Understanding underlying asthma mechanisms is crucial for developing alternative therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review potential therapeutic agents for severe asthma.
  • To explore novel targets beyond current treatment paradigms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro cell culture data.
  • Analysis of animal models of asthma.
  • Examination of clinical trial findings.

Main Results:

  • Current strategies targeting single Th2 cytokines show limited efficacy.
  • Emerging targets include IgE blockade, innate immune pathways, and airway structural cells.
  • Anti-neutrophil strategies are also under investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Novel therapeutic approaches are essential for severe asthma.
  • Targeting IgE, innate immunity, and neutrophils shows promise.
  • Further research is needed to link airway remodeling to asthma severity for personalized treatment.