Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3 (ubiquitin...
The Proteasome02:18

The Proteasome

Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important amongst these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. A series of enzymes carry out the ubiquitination of the target proteins - E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Divergent evolution of the PRPS enzymes across the tree of life.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Predictive capacity of mismatch repair status in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of aggressive pituitary tumors and pituitary carcinomas: An illustrative case report and literature review.

Surgical neurology international·2026
Same author

JNK2 Is a Stress Integrator Driving Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis in Aging via Gut-Heart Crosstalk.

Circulation·2026
Same author

A Review of Multi-Agent AI Systems for Biological and Clinical Data Analysis.

Methods and protocols·2026
Same author

Dynamic assessment of the allocation of copper to cytochrome c oxidase using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same author

Transcriptomic Correlation Identifies Cell Model Representatives for <i>MYCN</i>-Amplified Pediatric Neuroblastoma, Downstream Impact of Model Choice on Functional Interpretation, and Potential Drug Repositioning Candidates.

Omics : a journal of integrative biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
11:39

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

Not all autophagy is equal.

Maria F Czyzyk-Krzeska1, Jarek Meller, David R Plas

  • 1Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Maria.Czyzykkrzeska@uc.edu

Autophagy
|June 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL) regulates two distinct autophagy pathways. One pathway promotes tumor growth, while the other suppresses it in renal cancer.

Keywords:
HIFLC3B/LC3CVHLautophagyrenal cancer

More Related Videos

Analyzing Starvation-Induced Autophagy in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Fat Body
06:02

Analyzing Starvation-Induced Autophagy in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Fat Body

Published on: August 4, 2022

Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice
08:44

Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice

Published on: February 3, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
11:39

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

Analyzing Starvation-Induced Autophagy in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Fat Body
06:02

Analyzing Starvation-Induced Autophagy in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Fat Body

Published on: August 4, 2022

Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice
08:44

Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice

Published on: February 3, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Cellular Processes

Background:

  • Autophagy is crucial for cancer cell survival and tumor progression, exhibiting both pro- and anti-oncogenic functions.
  • The precise biochemical mechanisms underlying autophagy's dual roles in cancer remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence of distinct autophagic programs regulated by the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor.
  • To elucidate the opposing roles of these VHL-regulated autophagic programs in renal cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated differential requirements for LC3B and LC3C in distinct autophagic pathways.
  • Analyzed the regulatory influence of the VHL tumor suppressor on these pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identified two separate autophagic programs regulated antagonistically by VHL.
  • Demonstrated that these programs exhibit differential dependencies on LC3B versus LC3C.
  • Showcased distinct tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing activities of these programs in renal cancer.

Conclusions:

  • VHL differentially regulates two distinct autophagic programs with opposing roles in renal cancer.
  • Understanding these VHL-mediated autophagic pathways offers insights into cancer development and potential therapeutic strategies.