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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Magnetization processes in nanocrystalline gadolinium.

S P Mathew1, S N Kaul

  • 1School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Central University PO, Hyderabad-500 046, India.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|June 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Gadolinium (Gd) and reveals that energy barriers, influenced by grain size and magnetic fields, govern magnetization behavior. Thermal activation and shape anisotropy are key factors in magnetic reversal and saturation.

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06:49

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nanocrystalline magnetic materials exhibit unique properties due to their high surface area to volume ratio.
  • Understanding magnetization dynamics in materials like Gadolinium (Gd) is crucial for applications in data storage and spintronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thermal and time-dependent magnetic behavior of nanocrystalline Gd with varying grain sizes.
  • To elucidate the role of energy barriers, magnetic anisotropies, and thermal activation in magnetization reversal and saturation.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of temperature-dependent magnetization (M(T)) under zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) conditions.
  • Analysis of ZFC magnetization time evolution (M(ZFC)(t)), M(H) hysteresis loops, and AC susceptibility.
  • Characterization of magnetic viscosity (S) and coercive field (H(c)) as a function of temperature and magnetic field.

Main Results:

  • Irreversibility in magnetization is suppressed above a grain-size-dependent threshold field (H*).
  • Magnetic viscosity (S) shows time-independent behavior above ~2 ms, with a broad distribution of energy barriers.
  • Shape anisotropy and grain-boundary/interfacial fluctuations significantly influence magnetization reversal and approach-to-saturation.

Conclusions:

  • A consistent theoretical model explains the observed magnetic phenomena through thermal activation over energy barriers.
  • The study highlights the critical role of intra-grain and grain-boundary magnetic anisotropies in nanocrystalline Gd.
  • Findings provide insights into the fundamental magnetic behavior of nanomaterials, relevant for advanced magnetic applications.