Genetic variations in E-selectin and ICAM-1: relation to atherosclerosis

This study aimed to investigate the association of both intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial cell adhesion molecule (E-selectin) polymorphisms using PCR technique and their role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

The study enrolled 285 individuals, classified into 4 groups: 63 cerebrovascular atherosclerotic patients, 75 cardiovascular patients, 72 peripheral atherosclerotic patients and 75 normal healthy individuals.

The frequency of the mutant AC genotype of E-selectin in peripheral, cerebral and cardiovascular atherosclerotic patients was significantly higher than in control subjects (29.17%, 28.53% and 28% vs. 8%, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed in the frequency of mutant CC allele between all atherosclerotic patients and control groups. The frequency of the mutant EE homozygotes of ICAM-1 in peripheral, cerebral and cardiovascular atherosclerotic patients was significantly higher compared to controls (45.8%, 42.9% and 36% vs. 12%, respectively). The frequency of EK of ICAM-1 showed no significant difference between atherosclerotic patients and the control group. The frequency of the mutant E allele of ICAM-1 was significantly higher in peripheral, cerebral and cardiovascular patients compared to controls (58.3%, 54.8% and 54% vs. 26%, respectively).

Ser 128Arg of E-selectin and the K469E of ICAM-1 polymorphisms may be involved in predisposition to atherosclerosis.