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Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
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Updated: May 21, 2026

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization
15:22

Nucleoside Triphosphates - From Synthesis to Biochemical Characterization

Published on: April 3, 2014

New trends in nucleoside biotechnology.

I A Mikhailopulo1, A I Miroshnikov

  • 1Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences, Belarus.

Acta Naturae
|June 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Nucleoside biotechnology is advancing rapidly, driven by the need for novel oligonucleotides and drugs. This review covers new trends in producing nucleoside analogs for therapeutic and research applications.

Keywords:
bio-mimetic synthesischemoenzymaticsynthesisnucleic acid metabolism enzymesnucleosides

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Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Growing demand for natural 2'-deoxy-β-D-ribonucleosides and their analogs for oligonucleotide synthesis.
  • Need for efficient production technologies for biologically significant nucleoside analogs, including anticancer and antiviral agents.
  • Importance of studying enzymatic transformations for synthesizing novel nucleoside derivatives with biomedical potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging trends in nucleoside biotechnology over the past decade.
  • To highlight the synthesis and applications of modified nucleosides.
  • To discuss enzymatic methods for creating new nucleoside analogs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in nucleoside biotechnology.
  • Analysis of trends in the large-scale production of nucleoside analogs.
  • Examination of enzymatic transformations for nucleoside synthesis.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in the synthesis of modified nucleosides for oligonucleotide applications (siRNA, miRNA).
  • Development of practical technologies for producing antiviral and anticancer nucleoside drugs.
  • Identification of novel enzymatic routes for generating diverse nucleoside derivatives.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleoside biotechnology is crucial for developing new therapeutics and research tools.
  • Advancements in synthesis and enzymatic transformations are expanding the potential of nucleoside analogs.
  • Continued research promises further innovation in drug discovery and oligonucleotide-based therapies.