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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
09:42

Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke

Published on: September 1, 2023

Motor and cognitive impairment after stroke.

Ljiljana Cengić1, Vladimira Vuletić, Mladen Karlić

  • 1Department of Neurology, Vinkovci General Hospital, Vinkovci, Croatia. ljcengic@gmail.com

Acta Clinica Croatica
|June 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Stroke patients

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Cognitive abilities significantly influence stroke patient rehabilitation.
  • Rapid psychometric assessment is crucial for tailoring rehabilitation programs.
  • Understanding cognitive and motor impairments across stroke phases is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and compare motor and cognitive impairments in stroke patients across acute, subacute, and chronic phases.
  • To investigate the influence of age, sex, education, stroke risk factors, lateralization, and stroke type on these impairments.
  • To establish the relationship between motor recovery and cognitive status.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 50 stroke patients (33 male, 17 female).
  • Classified stroke types (ischemic 78%, hemorrhagic 22%) and identified risk factors (hypertension 82%).

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Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
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Published on: September 1, 2023

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients
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Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients

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  • Assessed cognitive function using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and SKT test, considering IQ and education levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Cognitive impairment was observed in 12% of patients, particularly with left brain hemisphere ischemia.
    • Patients with better motor recovery showed better cognitive status.
    • Cognitively impaired patients had low education levels, irrespective of stroke phase.

    Conclusions:

    • A strong correlation exists between motor recovery and cognitive status in stroke patients.
    • Low education level is a significant factor associated with cognitive impairment post-stroke.
    • Development of a comprehensive algorithm for somatic and cognitive assessment is imperative for individualized stroke rehabilitation.