Autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Growing recognition of the non-motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD) has led to increased awareness of autonomic dysfunction as part of the disease process, not only in advanced disease but also early in its course, sometimes even preceding the development of the classic motor features of PD. Virtually all aspects of autonomic function can become impaired in PD, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urological, sexual and thermoregulatory function. Recognition of the various autonomic abnormalities of PD is important because effective treatment may be available and may measurably improve quality of life for individuals with PD.