A brief historical development of vascular access for hemodialysis

Diligent laboratory and clinical research has been the key to the progress that has been made in the development of vascular access for hemodialysis. Presently, there are a number of access techniques that work fairly well. None are ideal. The momentum of the progress during the past half century can only encourage one to look toward the future. Treatment of patients in years to come will evolve from the foundation of knowledge and experience that has been laid as well as the implementation of future discoveries. It can be anticipated that some things will change. Perhaps through such discoveries as improved implantable dialysis devices, newer surgical techniques, different synthetic materials, drugs, and/or medical therapy, advances will occur. The work in renal transplantation may be perfected thereby eliminating the need for hemodialysis. However, gradual, rapid, or unexpected progress will be made. Fortunately, the many crucial milestones that have occurred will provide a strong base for future discoveries.