Diffuse type gastric carcinoma presenting as giant gastric folds: lessons learned from six miss diagnosed cases

Hyperplastic gastropathy is a rare condition characterized by giant gastric folds. There are numerous causes of giant gastric folds included benign diseases (Menetrier's disease, pseudolymphoma and lymphocytic gastritis) and malignant diseases (gastric carcinoma, lymphoma and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). Six gastric carcinoma presenting as giant gastric folds were described. Lessons learned from six miss diagnosed cases and how to improve the accuracy of diagnosis were elucidated. Moreover, we propose a hypothesis that in diffuse type gastric carcinoma gastric cancer, which manifested with thickness of gastric folds, there must be some media which is released by cancer cells to stimulate superficial mucosa layer benign cells proliferation, instead of malignant cells infiltrating directly.