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Related Concept Videos

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's criteria,...
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...

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Generation and Expansion of Primary, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tumor Lines
08:01

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Published on: April 21, 2022

Malignant pleural effusion: tumor-host interactions unleashed.

Georgios T Stathopoulos1, Ioannis Kalomenidis

  • 1Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Basic Biomedical Sciences Building, 2nd floor, Room B40, 1 Asklepiou Street, University Campus (Panepistimioupolis), 26504 Rio, Greece. gstathop@upatras.gr

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|June 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) arises from tumor cells creating a fluid buildup loop. New research reveals therapeutic targets for effective MPE treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a significant clinical challenge with suboptimal current management.
  • Existing treatments for MPE lack efficacy and safety, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel perspective on MPE development based on recent research.
  • To highlight the scientific basis for updating current MPE formation concepts and guide future research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research findings on MPE pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of molecular and cellular interactions in the pleural space.

Main Results:

  • MPE formation involves tumor cells impairing fluid drainage and creating a vicious loop with host systems.
  • Tumor cells enhance plasma extravasation via specific transcriptional repertoires and vasoactive events.
  • Tumor cells recruit host cells that amplify fluid leakage and influence tumor function.

Conclusions:

  • MPE pathogenesis involves complex interactions between tumor cells and the host environment.
  • The biological events leading to MPE are potentially amenable to therapeutic inhibition.
  • Novel, effective, and safe outpatient treatments for MPE are envisioned.