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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Pharmacodynamic Models: Direct Effect Model and Indirect Response Model01:29

Pharmacodynamic Models: Direct Effect Model and Indirect Response Model

Pharmacodynamic models are essential tools in understanding the relationship between drug concentrations and their effects on biological systems. By characterizing the dynamics of drug action, these models guide dose selection, optimize therapeutic efficacy, and inform the development of new drugs. Two major classes of pharmacodynamic models include direct effect and indirect response models.Direct Effect ModelsDirect effect models describe the immediate relationship between drug concentration...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Evaluating Therapeutic Interventions in the SHIP-deficient Mouse Model of Crohn Disease-like Ileitis and Fibrosis
09:44

Evaluating Therapeutic Interventions in the SHIP-deficient Mouse Model of Crohn Disease-like Ileitis and Fibrosis

Published on: October 14, 2025

Pharmacologic efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease models.

Makoto Nagaoka1, Zaher A Radi

  • 1Clinical Research Development, Pfizer Japan, Tokyo, Japan. Makoto.Nagaoka@pfizer.com

Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)
|June 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This review examines inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) animal models for drug testing. Chemically-induced models are favored for their simplicity and speed in evaluating new drug candidates for IBD treatments.

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Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Evaluating Therapeutic Interventions in the SHIP-deficient Mouse Model of Crohn Disease-like Ileitis and Fibrosis
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Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
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Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Published on: March 10, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses a significant challenge in drug discovery.
  • Animal models are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of novel therapeutic agents.
  • Understanding the characteristics of various IBD models is essential for selecting appropriate preclinical studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare different inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) animal models.
  • To assess the utility of these models in evaluating the pharmacologic efficacy of drug candidates.
  • To discuss perspectives on experimental conditions for drug discovery and development.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of IBD models into six groups: chemically-induced, hapten-induced, spontaneously developed, T-cell adoptive transfer, transgenic, and immunoregulatory knockout.
  • Review of pathological and immunological characteristics of each model.
  • Comparison of the pharmacologic efficacy of existing and novel therapeutic agents across different models.

Main Results:

  • Chemically- and hapten-induced models are widely used due to their technical simplicity and rapid induction of gut pathology.
  • T-cell adoptive transfer models are less utilized for pharmacologic studies owing to complexity and longer duration.
  • Spontaneously developed, transgenic, and knockout models exhibit gradual development of colitis or ileitis.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of IBD model significantly impacts the evaluation of drug candidate efficacy.
  • Chemically-induced models offer a practical approach for initial screening of therapeutic agents.
  • Further research into optimizing experimental conditions is needed for effective drug discovery and development in IBD.