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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
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Published on: November 11, 2016

The circadian clock modulates enamel development.

Rodrigo S Lacruz1, Joseph G Hacia, Timothy G Bromage

  • 1Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. rodrigo@usc.edu

Journal of Biological Rhythms
|June 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The circadian clock regulates enamel development by controlling the daily rhythms of key genes like amelogenin (Amelx) and NFYA in mouse ameloblast cells.

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Published on: September 28, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Chronobiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Enamel formation involves matrix proteins like amelogenin (Amelx).
  • Daily growth increments in enamel suggest potential circadian clock involvement.
  • Understanding enamel development regulation is crucial for dental health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the circadian clock in regulating enamel development.
  • To analyze the daily expression patterns of clock genes and amelogenin in murine ameloblast cells.

Main Methods:

  • Serum synchronization of murine ameloblast cells.
  • Real-time PCR to analyze gene expression of circadian factors (Per2, Bmal1) and amelogenin (Amelx).
  • Immunohistology to confirm protein expression (Bmal, Cry).
  • Analysis of gene expression in postnatal mouse molars over 48 hours.

Main Results:

  • Circadian transcription factors Per2 and Bmal1 exhibit rhythmic expression in synchronized ameloblast cells.
  • Amelogenin (Amelx) expression shows an approximate 24-hour oscillation, decreasing during the dark period.
  • Genes involved in bicarbonate transport and enamel matrix endocytosis are upregulated during the dark period.
  • Nfya, a regulator of amelogenin, also exhibits a strong 24-hour expression rhythm.

Conclusions:

  • The circadian clock temporally regulates enamel development.
  • Rhythmic expression of amelogenin and its regulators is linked to circadian mechanisms.
  • These findings provide insights into the molecular regulation of tooth enamel formation.