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Related Concept Videos

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Calcium Carbonate Formation in the Presence of Biopolymeric Additives
09:31

Calcium Carbonate Formation in the Presence of Biopolymeric Additives

Published on: May 14, 2019

Calcium carbonate polymorph control using droplet-based microfluidics.

Alexandra Yashina, Fiona Meldrum, Andrew Demello

    Biomicrofluidics
    |June 2, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Segmented-flow microfluidics enables precise control over calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation, yielding consistent crystal size and polymorphs. This method surpasses continuous flow and bulk techniques in reproducibility and size distribution control.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Geochemistry
    • Chemical Engineering

    Background:

    • Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a crucial mineral with diverse applications, from industrial processes to biomineralization.
    • CaCO3 exhibits complex polymorphic behavior that remains poorly understood, hindering controlled synthesis.
    • Existing precipitation methods often yield inconsistent crystal properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the use of segmented-flow microfluidic reactors for controlled CaCO3 precipitation.
    • To compare CaCO3 crystal properties obtained from segmented-flow, continuous-flow, and bulk methods.
    • To achieve reproducible control over CaCO3 crystal size, size distribution, and polymorph.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a segmented-flow microfluidic reactor for picoliter-scale precipitation of CaCO3.
    • Combined equal volumes of equimolar aqueous solutions of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate.
    • Varied reaction conditions and droplet volumes to influence polymorph formation.
    • Compared results with continuous-flow microfluidic and conventional bulk precipitation methods.

    Main Results:

    • Segmented-flow microfluidics achieved excellent definition of CaCO3 crystal size and size distribution.
    • Highly reproducible control over CaCO3 polymorphs (calcite, vaterite, or mixtures) was realized.
    • Continuous-flow and bulk methods produced mixtures of calcite and vaterite with broad size distributions.

    Conclusions:

    • Segmented-flow microfluidics offers superior control over CaCO3 precipitation compared to other methods.
    • This technique allows for tailored synthesis of specific CaCO3 polymorphs and crystal sizes.
    • The findings have implications for industrial applications requiring precise CaCO3 material properties.