Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026

Application of Acupotomy in a Knee Osteoarthritis Model in Rabbit
Published on: October 20, 2023
Tibial torsion: cause or consequence of osteoarthritis?
Hasan Bombaci1, Gamze Kiliçoğlu, Gökhan Onur
1Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey. bombacih@hotmail.com
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between torsional variations of the lower extremity and the development of medial osteoarthritis in the knee.
Methods:
Computed tomography measurements of the femoral and tibial torsion were evaluated in 21 lower extremities of 19 patients with primary bilateral gonarthrosis and compared with 14 lower extremities of eight normal individuals.
Results:
There was no statistically significant difference between lower extremities with and without gonarthrosis in terms of tibial torsion (26.20° ± 9.78° and 25.32° ± 11.50°,respectively), femoral torsion (15.89° ± 8.63° and 13.91° ± 7.26°, respectively) and tibiofemoral index (10.30° ± 13.06° and 11.39° ± 12.84°,respectively) (p>0.05).
Conclusion:
We conclude that medial compartment osteoarthritis in the early arthritic period is not always associated with torsional deformities of the lower limb.
Related Concept Videos
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella
Knee Joint
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Ankle Joint
Muscles that Move the Leg
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...
Torsion of Noncircular Members
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula
