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Published on: June 28, 2019
Biosorption of arsenic from aqueous solution using dye waste
Shubha Nigam1, Padma S Vankar, Krishna Gopal
1CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India. ashubhaa@rediffmail.com
Summary
Herbal dye wastes effectively remove arsenic from water via biosorption. Flower dye residues like Rosa rosa achieved up to 98% arsenic removal, offering an eco-friendly solution.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Water Treatment Technologies
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Arsenic contamination in water poses significant health risks.
- Conventional water treatment methods can be costly and inefficient.
- Exploring sustainable and cost-effective biosorbents is crucial for arsenic remediation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of herbal dye wastes as biosorbents for arsenic removal from aqueous solutions.
- To optimize biosorption parameters including pH, sorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature.
- To analyze the adsorption mechanism using isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies.
Main Methods:
- Batch biosorption experiments were conducted using four types of herbal dye wastes: Hibiscus rosasinensis, Rosa rosa, Tagetes erecta, and Canna indica.
- Optimized parameters included pH (6.0-7.5), sorbent dose (1 g/100 ml), contact time (5.0-5.5 h), and initial arsenic concentration (500 ppb).
- Characterization of biosorbents was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Main Results:
- Maximum arsenic removal efficiencies ranged from 85% to 98%, with Rosa rosa showing the highest efficacy.
- Adsorption followed Langmuir isotherm model, indicating monolayer sorption on a heterogeneous surface.
- Adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic, following pseudo-first-order kinetics.
- FTIR, SEM, and EDAX analyses confirmed changes in biosorbent surface chemistry and morphology after arsenic adsorption.
Conclusions:
- Herbal dye wastes are effective, cost-efficient, and eco-friendly biosorbents for arsenic removal from water.
- These biosorbents demonstrate significant potential for large-scale application in treating arsenic-contaminated water.
- The study highlights the value of agricultural waste utilization in environmental remediation.
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