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Related Concept Videos

True Stress and True Strain01:28

True Stress and True Strain

Engineering stress is calculated as the load divided by the original, undeformed cross-sectional area. It approximates a material under load. This approximation is especially relevant post-yield in ductile materials. Though engineering stress-strain diagrams are often used for their convenience and accessibility, they can sometimes fall short in accuracy, particularly when dealing with large strain values.
In contrast, true stress offers a more precise portrayal. It is computed by dividing the...
Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain gauge...
Stress-Strain Diagram - Ductile Materials01:24

Stress-Strain Diagram - Ductile Materials

The stress-strain relationship in ductile materials such as structural steel or aluminium is intricate and progresses through several stages. When a specimen is loaded, it initially exhibits a linear length increase, depicted by a steep straight line on the stress-strain diagram. It indicates the material is elastically deforming and will return to its original shape once unloaded. However, when a critical stress value is reached, plastic deformation begins. This stage sees substantial...
Stress-Strain Diagram01:10

Stress-Strain Diagram

A stress-strain diagram is a crucial tool that graphically displays a material's mechanical characteristics. This diagram is derived from a tensile test performed on a carefully prepared cylindrical specimen. The specimen has two gauge marks inscribed on its central part, and the distance between these marks is known as the gauge length. The cylindrical specimen is placed in a testing machine, which applies an increasing centric load. As this load grows, so does the gauge length. This change in...
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain01:29

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Intermediate Strain Rate Material Characterization with Digital Image Correlation
07:59

Intermediate Strain Rate Material Characterization with Digital Image Correlation

Published on: March 1, 2019

Visualizing evolution in real-time method for strain engineering.

Luis H Reyes1, James Winkler, Katy C Kao

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|June 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding microbial evolution helps engineer better strains. Visualizing Evolution in Real-Time (VERT) combined with genomics maps adaptive landscapes for industrial applications.

Keywords:
adaptive evolutionevolutionary engineeringpopulation dynamicsstrain development

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A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation
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A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Intermediate Strain Rate Material Characterization with Digital Image Correlation
07:59

Intermediate Strain Rate Material Characterization with Digital Image Correlation

Published on: March 1, 2019

A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation
09:34

A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation

Published on: September 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Microbial genetics and evolution
  • Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering

Background:

  • The adaptive landscape, influenced by genetic determinants, shapes microbial fitness.
  • Engineering robust microbial strains requires understanding these adaptive landscapes.
  • Current methods for mapping these landscapes are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate Visualizing Evolution in Real-Time (VERT) as a method for mapping microbial adaptive landscapes.
  • To demonstrate the utility of VERT in conjunction with high-throughput genomics for strain engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Employing in vitro adaptive evolution coupled with real-time monitoring.
  • Utilizing high-throughput genomic sequencing to identify beneficial mutations.
  • Analyzing the identified mutations to construct the adaptive landscape.

Main Results:

  • VERT successfully identified fitter microbial mutants during adaptive evolution.
  • The combination of VERT and genomics enabled detailed mapping of adaptive landscapes for specific phenotypes.
  • This approach revealed key genetic determinants influencing microbial fitness.

Conclusions:

  • Visualizing Evolution in Real-Time (VERT) is an effective method for studying microbial evolution.
  • This technique significantly enhances the ability to engineer microbial strains with desired industrial phenotypes.
  • Mapping adaptive landscapes provides crucial parameters for microbial strain development.